云数据库RDS MySQL性能测试与对比@2025年07月

本文是一个系列文章的一部分，该系列较为完整的对各个云厂商的RDS MySQL进行了测试，包括了阿里云、腾讯云、华为云、百度云、AWS、Azure、GCP、Oracle Cloud等，最新的测试：云数据库RDS MySQL的性能。

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	6934	3365	1615	2164	1449	2351	3701	6439
8	9842	6685	3018	4079	2832	4284	6387	11999
16	15597	13028	5511	7360	4767	7626	10120	19864
32	23331	22766	9761	12633	7333	13282	11355	29928
48	26740	26362	12245	16442	9780	17030	11601	32940
64	29284	28181	13261	19505	11144	19441	12557	34154
96	31033	30829	14418	22066	11166	19805	12282	33711
128	31450	32467	15066	22912	11191	19826	13030	32735
192	32287	32558	15314	23386	11244	20453	12677	35476
256	31571	31954	15470	23291	10963	21489	12910	36917
384	31419	32047	15892	23045	11212	22894	13242	37473
512	31382	32221	15978	22987	11399	22750	12643	37992

如下表格分别为：平均延迟和 95%延迟数据。单位为：毫秒/ms。

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	10.38	21.39	44.56	33.26	49.68	30.62	19.49	11.18
8	14.63	21.54	47.71	35.30	50.83	33.61	22.54	12.00
16	18.46	22.10	52.25	39.13	60.41	37.76	28.46	14.50
32	24.69	25.30	59.00	45.59	78.53	43.36	50.72	19.24
48	32.31	32.77	70.55	52.54	88.32	50.73	74.46	26.23
64	39.34	40.87	86.86	59.05	103.34	59.25	91.73	33.73
96	55.68	56.04	119.82	78.30	154.70	87.24	140.65	51.24
128	73.25	70.95	152.89	100.54	205.82	116.19	176.76	70.37
192	107.02	106.13	225.58	147.74	307.27	168.93	272.55	97.40
256	145.92	144.17	297.73	197.78	420.05	214.36	356.72	124.79
384	219.91	215.58	434.67	299.81	615.95	301.73	521.43	184.41
512	293.55	285.85	576.35	400.66	807.65	404.86	727.98	242.43

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	12.30	22.28	51.94	42.61	75.82	37.56	28.67	12.75
8	19.29	22.28	56.84	45.79	82.96	40.37	36.24	13.46
16	24.83	24.83	63.32	51.02	104.84	45.79	48.34	16.71
32	35.59	31.94	71.83	62.19	132.49	52.89	94.10	23.95
48	48.34	44.17	89.16	73.13	144.97	62.19	130.13	33.72
64	61.08	53.85	116.80	86.00	161.51	74.46	155.80	44.17
96	84.47	74.46	173.58	116.80	215.44	134.90	235.74	82.96
128	106.75	108.68	235.74	147.61	277.21	155.80	267.41	153.02
192	144.97	164.45	369.77	207.82	411.96	253.35	404.61	173.58
256	189.93	219.36	511.33	267.41	569.67	356.70	502.20	186.54
384	292.60	314.45	787.74	390.30	802.05	511.33	694.45	257.95
512	390.30	411.96	1050.76	511.33	1050.76	569.67	960.30	331.91

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
have_ssl	DISABLED	YES	YES	DISABLED	YES	DISABLED	YES	DISABLED
innodb_buffer_pool_size	9.75GB	11GB	12GB	12GB	11GB	9GB	17GB	12GB
innodb_doublewrite	ON	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
innodb_flush_method	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	fsync	fsync	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity	20000	200	200	2000	5000	12000	1250	20000
innodb_read_io_threads	4	4	NA	8	4	4	2	4
innodb_write_io_threads	4	4	NA	8	4	4	4	4
log_bin	ON	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON
performance_schema	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	ON	OFF	ON	OFF
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled	ON	NA	NA	ON	NA	ON	NA	ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout	1000	NA	NA	10000	NA	10000	NA	10000
sync_binlog	1	1	1	1000	1	1	1	1
thread_pool_size	8	NA	4	NA	4	NA	16	4
version	8.0.36	8.0.41	8.0.41-azure	8.0.32-4.0.0.5	8.0.41-google	8.0.28-231003	8.0.40-u6-cloud	8.0.30-txsql
instance_type	mysql.x4.large.2c	db.m7i.xlarge	GP_Standard_D4ads_v5	4	db-custom-4-16384	rds.mysql.x1.xlarge.4.ha	MySQL.4	4c
storage_type	cloud_essd	io1	NA	cloud_enha	NA	CLOUDSSD	NA	EXCLUSIVE
storage_size	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
storage_iops	NA	3000	3000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
cpu_capacity	97	146.6	73.6	74.5	53.8	154.8	118.8	107.3

在最近的两次 MySQL 测试中，都补充进行了数据量更大的测试。在原测试的基础上，修改了sysbench的数据准备参数，补充测试参数：

    # cpu-io mixed benchmark
    tables=16
    run_time=300
    table_size=5000000

    # cpu intensive benchmark
    tables=10
    run_time=300
    table_size=1000000

根据之前的计算，在该“cpu-io mixed benchmark”下，数据总量约18.4 GB，即，该压力测试则会成为一个读IO密集型的测试。各个云厂商在该模型下的性能表现如下图：

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	4027	1499	946	1800	1449	2004	754	5689
8	4717	2980	1798	3288	2702	3749	3570	10257
16	5642	3588	2810	5722	4275	6848	7127	17248
32	6464	3689	2987	8380	5729	12139	7482	24535
48	6854	3733	3007	8789	6651	14857	7716	26788
64	7052	3724	3065	8982	6990	15630	8067	27617
96	7292	3722	3076	9204	7259	15960	8293	26969
128	7421	3861	3065	9324	7598	16162	8380	26215
192	7556	4030	3090	9675	7474	16291	8528	27930
256	7588	4017	3080	9545	7603	16336	8676	28165
384	7635	4159	3100	10147	7641	10285	8723	28725
512	7693	4363	3113	10602	7802	5391	8809	28922

如下表格分别为：平均延迟和 95%延迟数据。单位为：毫秒/ms。

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	17.88	48.04	76.05	40.00	49.68	35.93	95.62	12.66
8	30.52	48.32	80.09	43.79	53.29	38.41	40.33	14.04
16	51.04	80.29	102.49	50.32	67.36	42.05	40.44	16.70
32	89.10	156.14	192.80	68.73	100.53	47.44	77.06	23.47
48	126.02	231.39	287.27	98.29	129.86	58.15	111.94	32.25
64	163.32	309.23	375.70	128.24	164.75	73.71	142.76	41.71
96	236.90	463.84	561.46	187.66	237.92	108.25	208.32	64.07
128	310.35	596.25	751.37	247.10	302.96	142.51	275.00	87.88
192	457.04	856.60	1117.62	356.97	462.11	212.04	405.03	123.71
256	606.96	1145.53	1494.61	482.24	605.40	281.92	531.03	163.56
384	904.34	1659.37	2226.85	680.65	903.58	671.53	792.11	240.53
512	1196.51	2109.12	2954.89	867.32	1179.10	1705.20	1044.82	318.47

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
4	20.74	55.82	104.84	58.92	78.60	43.39	787.74	14.73
8	33.72	53.85	102.97	73.13	99.33	47.47	45.79	16.71
16	150.29	227.40	142.39	97.55	170.48	52.89	102.97	21.89
32	297.92	325.98	262.64	139.85	240.02	63.32	344.08	33.12
48	350.33	397.39	397.39	193.38	287.38	81.48	450.77	48.34
64	390.30	467.30	520.62	235.74	303.33	215.44	484.44	62.19
96	458.96	612.21	802.05	325.98	363.18	331.91	559.50	137.35
128	530.08	759.88	1109.09	411.96	427.07	376.49	612.21	167.44
192	669.89	1352.03	1678.14	569.67	634.66	467.30	707.07	196.89
256	831.46	1973.38	2238.47	787.74	816.63	539.71	802.05	235.74
384	1191.92	3095.38	3326.55	1050.76	1191.92	1836.24	1013.60	320.17
512	1589.90	3911.79	4437.27	1327.91	1561.52	2082.91	1376.60	411.96

data	aliyun	aws	azure	baidu	google	huawei	oracle	tencent
have_ssl	DISABLED	YES	YES	DISABLED	YES	DISABLED	YES	DISABLED
innodb_buffer_pool_size	9.75GB	11GB	12GB	12GB	11GB	9GB	17GB	12GB
innodb_doublewrite	ON	OFF	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
innodb_flush_method	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	fsync	fsync	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT	O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity	20000	200	200	2000	5000	12000	1250	20000
innodb_read_io_threads	4	4	NA	8	4	4	2	4
innodb_write_io_threads	4	4	NA	8	4	4	4	4
log_bin	ON	OFF	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON	ON
performance_schema	OFF	OFF	ON	OFF	ON	OFF	ON	OFF
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled	ON	NA	NA	ON	NA	ON	NA	ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout	1000	NA	NA	10000	NA	10000	NA	10000
sync_binlog	1	1	1	1000	1	1	1	1
thread_pool_size	8	NA	4	NA	4	NA	16	4
version	8.0.36	8.0.41	8.0.41-azure	8.0.32-4.0.0.5	8.0.41-google	8.0.28-231003	8.0.40-u6-cloud	8.0.30-txsql
instance_type	mysql.x4.large.2c	db.m7i.xlarge	GP_Standard_D4ads_v5	4	db-custom-4-16384	rds.mysql.x1.xlarge.4.ha	MySQL.4	4c
storage_type	cloud_essd	io1	NA	cloud_enha	NA	CLOUDSSD	NA	EXCLUSIVE
storage_size	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
storage_iops	NA	3000	3000	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
cpu_capacity	96.6	152.1	73.2	72.8	49.3	163.4	119.9	108

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